Where were you 60 years ago? … Ballinskelligs, Co Kerry, was an introduction to ‘The Way of a Pilgrim’ and the Jesus Prayer (Photograph: Patrick Comerford)
‘A Priest along the Way of a Pilgrim’
Patrick Comerford
Ecumenical Pilgrimage to Walsingham
Thursday 12 March 2026,
5:15 pm, The Orangery, Anglican Shrine of Our Lady of Walsingham
Introduction
Thank you to Father Mark for inviting me to speak this evening. I had visited his cathedral in London last year without him knowing, without me ever expecting this invitation, and without knowing we have shared Comerford family links to catch up on.
Thank you too to Cyril Wood for his generosity and kindly going out of his way to get me here this week. It’s a long way from Stony Stratford to Walsingham for someone like me who does not drive. It’s even longer than you imagine, because this time last week I was somewhere in the air between Kuala Lumpur in Malaysia and Oman in the Gulf, not knowing if I was going to get back to England in time to be here.
Although I have been a member of the Society of Catholic Priests, this week is proving to be somewhat outside my experiences; this is my first-ever visit to Walsingham, and first impressions are always both striking and formative.
I am Irish, but I have only once been to the Knock Shrine in Co Mayo, and that was out of interest in the architecture of the basilica rather than out of interest in the Marian Shrine. Yes, I have been to Armagh, Downpatrick and Kildare. But I have never been to any of the Marian pilgrim sites or ‘moving statues’ in Ireland.
If you are a football fan like me, and you are about the same age as me, you will be able to answer immediately where you were 60 years ago. I remember the summer of 1966 quite clearly.
I watched the 1966 World Cup Final in July 1966 in a convent in Ballinskelligs at the western end of a remote peninsula in Co Kerry, in one of the furthest corners of south-west Ireland, looking out onto the wild Atlantic waters.
During that month in Coláiste Mhichíl, I also remember learning Irish dancing, boring evenings listening to an old seanachaí, rising to the challenge to go ‘skinny dipping’, my first kiss and my first smoke, reading Anne Frank’s Diaries and being introduced to JD Salinger’s writings, Catcher in the Rye and Franny and Zooey.
As a 14-year-old, little did I realise then of the significance of Franny and Zooey. It introduced many in the west to The Way of a Pilgrim. That book, as many of you know, began as a collection of essays first published as four short stories in Russia in 1884. It is now a beloved spiritual guide to many, introducing them to the Jesus Prayer and the riches of Orthodox spirituality.
My old copies, translated by RM French and introduced by Bishop Walter Frere, are torn and worn or were given away long ago. I later acquired a more recent edition, published in 2017, translated by Anna Zaranko and edited and introduced by Father Andrew Louth. But that too has been lent, borrowed or passed on with the passage of time.
I remember quite clearly how I was obsessed that summer 60 years ago with football, with little or no interest in prayer, spirituality or any pilgrim’s way. But perhaps the seeds were being sown for a very real experience five years later in my teens.
The Chapel and the Hospital of Saint John Baptist without the Barrs, Lichfield, today … recalling a pilgrimage in life that began 55 years ago (Photograph: Patrick Comerford)
A pilgrim’s experience of the ‘uncreated light’
As a 19-year-old, I walked in one summer evening, by accident rather than design, into the Chapel of Saint John’s Hospital in Lichfield. I say by accident, because I was attracted by the Tudor architecture of this almshouse rather than its religious significance.
And to this day, it is a lived and living experience, as I remember the sound of lifting the latch, stepping down into the chapel, and being filled with what I still describe 55 years later as the light and love of God.
Physically, it was impossible: sunlight does not stream through the east window of any church or chapel on a summer evening, and that chapel has no west window.
Psychologically, there may be alternative explanations. But, in time, the experience and the sensations would have faded, and not remain so real, so explicit, so alive after 55 years. You could say it was – still is – a living experience of the ‘uncreated light’, of being filled with the light and the love of God.
How was a 19-year-old to respond to such an unexpected experience? I immediately went down Saint John Street, up Bird Street and into Lichfield Cathedral and for the first time sat in the choir stalls for Choral Evensong. Silent. Receptive. Enfolded by the love of God.
On the way out, one of the residentiary canons shook my hand and said something like, ‘I suppose a young man like you is coming back to church because you’re thinking of ordination.’
All in one summer afternoon or evening.
It was too much to take in. It still is. I am still coming to terms, 55 years later, with its meaning and its implications. I have described it to one interviewer as my ‘self-defining existentialist moment.’ It is too limiting, too reductionist, too partisan, too trite, to describe it as a conversion experience, still less as being ‘born-again’.
And, if it could happen to me, I realised, then it was not unique or individual, it could happen to anyone and everyone. God’s love for me had to be God’s love for everyone. It was, is, an experience with immeasurable and unfathomable dimensions and universal implications: if God loves me, then why, of course God loves you, and you, and you …
Or, as the Revd Dr Kenneth Leech (1939-2015), the Anglican ‘slum priest’ in the East End, once said: ‘Transfiguration can and does occur “just around the corner,” occurs in the midst of perplexity, imperfection, and disastrous misunderstanding.’
And yet, in a way, without feeling at all uncomfortable, I can feel like saying I was born in Lichfield that day. And so, I go back on pilgrimage, not to relive that experience – because it remains a living experience; not, like Peter, James and John wanting to stay on the mountaintop and build their booths of piety; but as a pilgrim, to give thanks, to pray, to reflect, to be silent, to – as it were – cover my head and bare my feet, for I stand on holy ground.
I go back at least two or three times a year to Lichfield, to this spiritual home or birthplace, to pray in that chapel, sometimes silently without words, when God speaks to me too without words; to follow the cycle of daily prayer and the liturgy in the cathedral; to be comfortable in the presence of Christ in word, in sacrament, and in the body of Christ, the people who are the Church.
If you came this way,
Taking any route, starting from anywhere,
At any time or at any season,
It would always be the same: you would have to put off
Sense and notion. You are not here to verify,
Instruct yourself, or inform curiosity
Or carry report. You are here to kneel
Where prayer has been valid. And prayer is more
Than an order of words, the conscious occupation
Of the praying mind, or the sound of the voice praying.
(TS Eliot, ‘Little Gidding’)
And I hope I’m not being too pious, too po-faced about it. I meet friends, I eat rather than fasting, I go for walks through fields and farmland that I know, some that bear my family name from generations ago. And I enjoy a drink at the end of the day – ‘O taste and see that the Lord is good’ (Psalm 34: 8). (Aside: if I had ever end up in a Benedictine monastery, I want to be the cellarer).
I first visited Jerusalem and the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in 1987 (Photograph: Patrick Comerford)
A pilgrim’s pilgrimages
In my life in the 55 mature years since, I have been a pilgrim or on pilgrimage to many places:
Jerusalem, which was a graduation present after receiving one of my degrees, along with a ‘bling’ certificate signed by Avraham Sharir and Teddy Kolleck that says I have ‘ascended to Jerusalem, the Holy City’ and am ‘henceforth authorized to bear the title of Jerusalem Pilgrim’.
Mount Athos: (aside: how many of you have been there?) as a priest, I had to receive a particular invitation and permit. As I left, the monks reminded me that when I returned I was to remember that Vatopedi is now my monastery.
Patmos: where Saint John experienced the light in the cave as ‘seven golden lampstands’ and ‘a flame of fire’ (Revelation 1: 12-13) and, incidentally, the monastery of Metropolitan Kallistos.
Mount Sinai: where Moses covered his face with a veil after speaking with God because his face was radiating intense light (Exodus 34: 29-35), and Elijah heard the still small voice in the crag of the rock (I Kings 19).
The Western Desert: the beginnings of monasticism and the home of many of the Patristic writers.
Arkadi and the monasteries of Crete: especially Aghia Irini, where the nuns have brought the place to new life, and welcome tourists on tour buses from throughout the world, bringing the light of Christ back out into the resorts.
Vlatadon: the monastery that is the balcony above Thessaloniki, and where I had a moving moment recalling my grandfather’s own war-time sufferings and eventual death.
Tolleshunt Knights in Essex, which was a regular one-day pilgrimage from Cambridge during the courses organised by the Institute for Orthodox Christian Studies. There Saint Sophrony, the disciple and biographer of Saint Silouan, made the monastery a major centre for the practice of the Jesus Prayer and the community follows the hesychast tradition. ‘Lord Jesus Christ, Son of God, have mercy on me a sinner’. Even as a child, Saint Sophrony would say, he experienced the Uncreated Light.
The Jesus Prayer and the Uncreated Light seem to be constant, recurring and repetitive tropes in each of these places for this pilgrim priest.
And there are others too: the churches of Cappadocia … Santiago (without doing the Camino) … Bethlehem … Notre Dame … Rome … the Julian Shrine in Norwich … Coventry Cathedral … Whitby … Glenstal … Rostrevor … Mount Melleray … Saint Mary’s Church, Johannesburg …
I have been strongly influenced by Jewish spirituality over the years, so there is a feeling of pilgrimage too when I visit the Jewish quarters in Kraków, Prague, Berlin and Venice, Le Marais in Paris, or the grave of the Chatham Sofer in Bratislava. I may be too broadminded for some of you when I talk about the efforts I made to organise my own one-day visit to the tomb and shrine of Rumi in Konya:
A mouse and a frog meet every morning on the riverbank.
They sit in a nook of the ground and talk.
Each morning, the second they see each other,
they open easily, telling stories and dreams and secrets,
empty of any fear or suspicious holding back.
To watch, and listen to those two
is to understand how, as it’s written,
sometimes when two beings come together,
Christ becomes visible.
(Rumi)
And I always return to Lichfield, constantly, as that first place where I become me, realised who I was made to be, that I am loved by God, made in God’s image and likeness, the God who loves each and every one of us.
The gates of Auschwitz … a sense of pilgrimage in the memories of darkness evil (Photograph: Patrick Comerford)
A pilgrim or a tourist?
We do that sort of thing in secular life and family life too.
Auschwitz, Hiroshima, Sachsenhausen … they can never be reduced to being places of tourist curiosity, they are sacred and secular, secular and sacred.
In our own family lives, we go back to the houses we were born in or where our parents or grandparents were born or lived. If we can’t get inside those houses, those houses get inside us and we walk around them in our minds’ eyes.
We go back to where our parents brought us on holidays, walk the beaches, remember the childhood experiences, try to explain them to our children and grandchildren. I do … I even went back some years ago to that beach in Ballinskelligs I so happily remember from 60 years ago – for that World Cup final seen in a convent parlour, and for Franny and Zooey’s introduction to The Way of a Pilgrim and the Jesus Prayer.
We go back to our old schools, no matter what we thought of them then or think of them today.
We go back to see where we were brought to our first football matches, the pubs where we had our first drink, we long wistfully for the cinemas we knew as children, the shops whose windows we once gazed at, smile inwardly as we remember where we stole that first kiss. My visits to Venice or Portmeirion are less tourism and more like architectural pilgrims.
Those of you are married or still married probably go back occasionally to or remember with fondness where you first met, where you were married, where you went on honeymoon, where you had your first home. Yet they also become visits marked by pain and sorrow, or regret and penitence, for those who are widowed or divorced.
Not all pilgrimages are filled with joyful, promise and sweet memory. You may know of the painful stories of the ‘Mother and Baby’ homes and ‘Magdalene Laundries’ in Ireland. Whenever I have written about places such as the former Good Shepherd Convent in Limerick or Dunboyne Castle, I become aware of how many of those women, their children and their grandchildren want to visit and revisit them, because, with all the pain and inhumanity, this is where they were born or formed and made who they are today.
These family and social visits are not just secular pilgrimages, they are spiritual too. They break down the barriers between the profane and the sacred, for these are the places where we were made, and we are made in the image and likeness of God. These pilgrimages have their sacred value too. They are, as we should affirm, incarnational. For in the incarnation, Christ tears down the barriers we set up between the sacred and secular.
In that story of darkness and light in the Gospel reading the Sunday before last (John 3: 1-17, Lent III, 1 March 2026), we were told of our birth and reminded that ‘God so loved the cosmos’ – not the world, not merely humanity, still less ‘man’ – ‘God so loved the cosmos that he gave his only Son, so that everyone (aside: let’s emphasise everyone) … may have eternal life’ (verse 16).
That Pythagorean concept of the cosmos implies that we are created, nurtured, brought into existence within the womb of God. And God then turns that around in the incarnation when God becomes flesh in the human womb. We are made in the image and likeness of God, then God is made in our image and likeness. We could say, in a deep and very true sense, humanity is God’s own pilgrimage.
We shall not cease from exploration
And the end of all our exploring
Will be to arrive where we started
And know the place for the first time.
(TS Eliot, ‘Little Gidding’)
The Jesus Prayer … an image from Crete (Photograph: Patrick Comerford)
‘We are pilgrims on a journey’
I have spent the last two weeks in Malaysia, travelling there and back through Oman in the Gulf. I was aware in both places how Ramadan and Lent overlap significantly this year. For Muslims, Pilgrimage, like Ramadan, is one of the five pillars of Islam. But as Christians, do we give pilgrimage the same value, imperative, significance it has for Muslims?
It is wonderful to be here. But we should not make pilgrimage too difficult for people in their everyday, sacred secular lives. We are all pilgrims in this life, not just in our own lives but sharing in God’s pilgrimage in humanity.
I am reminded of Richard Gillard’s lyrics in ‘The Servant Song’:
Will you let me be your servant,
let me be as Christ to you;
pray that I may have the grace
to let you be my servant too.
We are pilgrims on a journey,
we are trav’lers on the road;
we are here to help each other
walk the mile and bear the load.
I will weep when you are weeping;
when you laugh, I’ll laugh with you.
I will share your joy and sorrow
’til we’ve seen this journey through.
We make – or we are invited to make – that pilgrimage every Sunday to the holy mountain, to Mount Tabor, when we meet Christ present for us in Word, in Sacrament, and in the Body of Christ, the living and holy members of the Church.
Κύριε Ἰησοῦ Χριστέ, Υἱὲ Θεοῦ, ἐλέησόν με τὸν ἁμαρτωλό
Lord Jesus Christ, Son of God, have mercy on me, the sinner
At the Eucharist in the Chapel of Saint John’s Hospital, Lichfield (Photograph: Patrick Comerford)
Possible asides or added conversation points:
One pilgrimage I am not making this year – the World Cup in the US
JD Salinger and Anne Frank, a conjoint introduction to Jewish spirituality as well as connection to Jesus Prayer
These notes were prepared for the Ecumenical Marian Pilgrimage Trust, 10-13 March 2026, with the support of the Fellowship of St Alban and St Sergius and the Society of St John Chrysostom
I return to Lichfield, constantly, as that first place where I became me, realised who I was made to be (Photograph: Patrick Comerford)
12 March 2026
27 million people linked
in one big family tree,
27 million in human traffic,
and 27 million blog readers
A family tree with far-reaching links … researchers at the University of Oxford have created the largest-ever family tree, linking more than 27 million people (Image: Patrick Comerford)
Patrick Comerford
This blog continues to surpass all previous records, with yet another record landmark with 27 million views or hits by eaarly this morning (12 March 2023). It has been like this for weeks now, reaching 26 million ten days ago (Sunday 2 March 2026), when the hits that day were also the highest daily figure I have ever recorded (318,307), and 26.5 million hits two days later (3 March 2026).
Last month (February), indeed this year so far, has seen a phenomenal amount of traffic on this blog, reaching a volume of readers that I never have expected when I first started blogging 16 years ago. Half the total hits (13.5 million) have been within less than nine months, since 24 June 2025, and the total of hits last month (February 2026) was the highest monthly total ever (3,386,504).
The new figure of 27 million hits for this blog followed the mileposts of 26.5 million hits last week (3 March 2026), 26 million two days earlier (1 March), and 25.5 million the day before (28 February). Indeed, this blog passed the half-million mark seven times in all last month: 25 million two weeks ago (26 February), 24.5 million earlier that week (22 February), 24 million the previous week (20 February 2026), 23.5 million (17 February 2026), 23 million (12 February 2026), and 22.5 million (4 February).
At the end of 2025, this blog had 21 million hits (31 December 2025). So far this year, there have been more than 6 million hits or visitors for 2026, and February 2026 was the busiest month ever, with over 3.3 million hits.
I first began blogging in 2010, and it took almost two years until July 2012 to reach half a million readers – a number reached seven times last month alone. Half of the 27 million hits – 13.5 million – have been within less than nine months, since 24 June 2025.
Throughout last year and this year, the daily figures have been overwhelming on many occasions. Eight of the 12 days of busiest traffic on this blog have been in February alone, two were this month (March) and two were in January last year:
• 318,307 (1 March 2026)
• 314,018 (28 February 2026)
• 301,449 (2 March 2026)
• 289,076 (11 January 2025)
• 285,366 (12 January 2025)
• 280,802 (26 February 2026)
• 273,022 (27 February 2026)
• 261,422 (13 January 2026)
• 195,391 (20 February 2026)
• 190,630 (23 February 2026)
• 190,467 (21 February 2026)
• 188,376 (19 February 2026)
The number of readers has been overpowering this year and last, with the daily averages currently running at over 100,000 hits a day so far this month. Ten years ago, the daily average was around 1,000.
We all figure on someone else’s family tree (Photograph: Patrick Comerford)
To put this figure of 27 million in context:
Researchers at the University of Oxford’s Big Data Institute have created the largest-ever family tree, and it links more than 27 million people – both living and long dead – across the world. It marks a major milestone in the journey towards mapping the entirety of human genetic relationships, according to the study published in the journal Science.
This family tree helps us know more about where and when our human ancestors lived – namely in Africa – the researchers said.
‘We have basically built a huge family tree, a genealogy for all of humanity, that models as exactly as we can the history that generated all the genetic variation we find in humans today,’ said one of the co-authors, Dr Yan Wong, an evolutionary geneticist at the institute. ‘This genealogy allows us to see how every person’s genetic sequence relates to every other, along all the points of the genome.’
In layperson’s terms, the comprehensive tree, which appeared as both a research paper and a video, depicts how people around the world are interrelated, like an all-encompassing 23andMe.
Specifically, the study mixed-and-matched data from both modern and ancient human genomes from eight different databases, spanning a total of 3,609 individual genome sequences from 215 populations across the world. The ancient genomes ranged in age from 1,000 to over 100,000, while ‘the resulting network contained almost 27 million ancestors.’
According to the study, the algorithms ‘predicted where common ancestors must be present in the evolutionary trees to explain the patterns of genetic variation.’
The map also employed location data, allowing scientists to estimate where the common ancestors had lived, and included seminal evolutionary events such as our migration out of Africa. The earliest ancestors included in the map are an extinct species of human that predates homo sapiens. They lived a million years ago in a region estimated to be modern Sudan.
The unprecedented family tree is just the foundation ‘for the next generation of DNA sequencing,’ Dr Wong said. The genome scientists are currently working on making the blueprint even more comprehensive by ‘continuing to incorporate genetic data as it becomes available.’
Their ultimate goal was to produce an all-encompassing map of how everyone around the globe is related to each other. ‘As the quality of genome sequences from modern and ancient DNA samples improves, the trees will become even more accurate, and we will eventually be able to generate a single, unified map that explains the descent of all the human genetic variation we see today,’ Wong said.
The map is not just applicable to humans. ‘While humans are the focus of this study, the method is valid for most living things, from orangutans to bacteria,’ he explained.
In another understanding of the figure 27 million, estimates indicate that over 27 million people are enslaved globally. ‘Twenty Seven Million’ is a song released in 2012 by the evangelical songwriter Matt Redman and the electronic dance music group LZ7. The song was aimed at raising awareness for the anti-human trafficking movement, and in support of the A21 Campaign to abolish modern-day slavery.
Matt Redman said: ‘It’s a huge issue in our world that’s rising to the surface. Governments, police and the media are all talking about it, and the church is doing a lot of stuff – this is a song to recognise that and hopefully drive some more awareness. Let’s propel this somewhere good together, make some noise about this issue that is on the heart of God and the heart of the Church.’
About 27 million people rely on unsafe water which, for malnourished children, can lead to fatal diarrheal diseases. UNICEF reports that 27 million people lacked safe water in countries facing or at risk of famine.
The Soviet Union World War II losses of about 27 million lives during World War II, both civilian and military deaths from all war-related causes.
The Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II at Westminster Abbey in 1953 was the first coronation ever to be televised, and was watched by 27 million people in the UK alone and millions more around the world. It was probably the first time many homes in the UK bought a television.
27 million metres is 27,000 km and 27 million square metres is 27,000 km. The Crimean peninsula, which is almost entirely surrounded by the Black Sea and the smaller Sea of Azov, is 27,000 sq km. Crimea is internationally recognised as part of Ukraine but has been occupied by Russia since 2014.
And 27 million minutes is equal to 51.33 years, 18,750 days, or 450,000 hours. In other words, if this blog was getting only one hit a minute, it would take more than 51 years to reach this latest 27 million mark.
It is four years since I retired from active parish ministry in March 2022. These days, though, about 100 people on average are reading my daily prayer diary posted on this blog each morning. I imagine many of my priest-colleagues would be prayerfully thankful if the congregations in their churches totalled 700 or more people each week.
Today, I am very grateful to the real readers among those 27 million hits on this blog to date, and in particular I remain grateful to the faithful core group of about 100 people who join me in prayer, reading and reflections each day.
Patrick Comerford
This blog continues to surpass all previous records, with yet another record landmark with 27 million views or hits by eaarly this morning (12 March 2023). It has been like this for weeks now, reaching 26 million ten days ago (Sunday 2 March 2026), when the hits that day were also the highest daily figure I have ever recorded (318,307), and 26.5 million hits two days later (3 March 2026).
Last month (February), indeed this year so far, has seen a phenomenal amount of traffic on this blog, reaching a volume of readers that I never have expected when I first started blogging 16 years ago. Half the total hits (13.5 million) have been within less than nine months, since 24 June 2025, and the total of hits last month (February 2026) was the highest monthly total ever (3,386,504).
The new figure of 27 million hits for this blog followed the mileposts of 26.5 million hits last week (3 March 2026), 26 million two days earlier (1 March), and 25.5 million the day before (28 February). Indeed, this blog passed the half-million mark seven times in all last month: 25 million two weeks ago (26 February), 24.5 million earlier that week (22 February), 24 million the previous week (20 February 2026), 23.5 million (17 February 2026), 23 million (12 February 2026), and 22.5 million (4 February).
At the end of 2025, this blog had 21 million hits (31 December 2025). So far this year, there have been more than 6 million hits or visitors for 2026, and February 2026 was the busiest month ever, with over 3.3 million hits.
I first began blogging in 2010, and it took almost two years until July 2012 to reach half a million readers – a number reached seven times last month alone. Half of the 27 million hits – 13.5 million – have been within less than nine months, since 24 June 2025.
Throughout last year and this year, the daily figures have been overwhelming on many occasions. Eight of the 12 days of busiest traffic on this blog have been in February alone, two were this month (March) and two were in January last year:
• 318,307 (1 March 2026)
• 314,018 (28 February 2026)
• 301,449 (2 March 2026)
• 289,076 (11 January 2025)
• 285,366 (12 January 2025)
• 280,802 (26 February 2026)
• 273,022 (27 February 2026)
• 261,422 (13 January 2026)
• 195,391 (20 February 2026)
• 190,630 (23 February 2026)
• 190,467 (21 February 2026)
• 188,376 (19 February 2026)
The number of readers has been overpowering this year and last, with the daily averages currently running at over 100,000 hits a day so far this month. Ten years ago, the daily average was around 1,000.
We all figure on someone else’s family tree (Photograph: Patrick Comerford)
To put this figure of 27 million in context:
Researchers at the University of Oxford’s Big Data Institute have created the largest-ever family tree, and it links more than 27 million people – both living and long dead – across the world. It marks a major milestone in the journey towards mapping the entirety of human genetic relationships, according to the study published in the journal Science.
This family tree helps us know more about where and when our human ancestors lived – namely in Africa – the researchers said.
‘We have basically built a huge family tree, a genealogy for all of humanity, that models as exactly as we can the history that generated all the genetic variation we find in humans today,’ said one of the co-authors, Dr Yan Wong, an evolutionary geneticist at the institute. ‘This genealogy allows us to see how every person’s genetic sequence relates to every other, along all the points of the genome.’
In layperson’s terms, the comprehensive tree, which appeared as both a research paper and a video, depicts how people around the world are interrelated, like an all-encompassing 23andMe.
Specifically, the study mixed-and-matched data from both modern and ancient human genomes from eight different databases, spanning a total of 3,609 individual genome sequences from 215 populations across the world. The ancient genomes ranged in age from 1,000 to over 100,000, while ‘the resulting network contained almost 27 million ancestors.’
According to the study, the algorithms ‘predicted where common ancestors must be present in the evolutionary trees to explain the patterns of genetic variation.’
The map also employed location data, allowing scientists to estimate where the common ancestors had lived, and included seminal evolutionary events such as our migration out of Africa. The earliest ancestors included in the map are an extinct species of human that predates homo sapiens. They lived a million years ago in a region estimated to be modern Sudan.
The unprecedented family tree is just the foundation ‘for the next generation of DNA sequencing,’ Dr Wong said. The genome scientists are currently working on making the blueprint even more comprehensive by ‘continuing to incorporate genetic data as it becomes available.’
Their ultimate goal was to produce an all-encompassing map of how everyone around the globe is related to each other. ‘As the quality of genome sequences from modern and ancient DNA samples improves, the trees will become even more accurate, and we will eventually be able to generate a single, unified map that explains the descent of all the human genetic variation we see today,’ Wong said.
The map is not just applicable to humans. ‘While humans are the focus of this study, the method is valid for most living things, from orangutans to bacteria,’ he explained.
In another understanding of the figure 27 million, estimates indicate that over 27 million people are enslaved globally. ‘Twenty Seven Million’ is a song released in 2012 by the evangelical songwriter Matt Redman and the electronic dance music group LZ7. The song was aimed at raising awareness for the anti-human trafficking movement, and in support of the A21 Campaign to abolish modern-day slavery.
Matt Redman said: ‘It’s a huge issue in our world that’s rising to the surface. Governments, police and the media are all talking about it, and the church is doing a lot of stuff – this is a song to recognise that and hopefully drive some more awareness. Let’s propel this somewhere good together, make some noise about this issue that is on the heart of God and the heart of the Church.’
About 27 million people rely on unsafe water which, for malnourished children, can lead to fatal diarrheal diseases. UNICEF reports that 27 million people lacked safe water in countries facing or at risk of famine.
The Soviet Union World War II losses of about 27 million lives during World War II, both civilian and military deaths from all war-related causes.
The Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II at Westminster Abbey in 1953 was the first coronation ever to be televised, and was watched by 27 million people in the UK alone and millions more around the world. It was probably the first time many homes in the UK bought a television.
27 million metres is 27,000 km and 27 million square metres is 27,000 km. The Crimean peninsula, which is almost entirely surrounded by the Black Sea and the smaller Sea of Azov, is 27,000 sq km. Crimea is internationally recognised as part of Ukraine but has been occupied by Russia since 2014.
And 27 million minutes is equal to 51.33 years, 18,750 days, or 450,000 hours. In other words, if this blog was getting only one hit a minute, it would take more than 51 years to reach this latest 27 million mark.
It is four years since I retired from active parish ministry in March 2022. These days, though, about 100 people on average are reading my daily prayer diary posted on this blog each morning. I imagine many of my priest-colleagues would be prayerfully thankful if the congregations in their churches totalled 700 or more people each week.
Today, I am very grateful to the real readers among those 27 million hits on this blog to date, and in particular I remain grateful to the faithful core group of about 100 people who join me in prayer, reading and reflections each day.
Daily prayer in Lent 2026:
23, Thursday 12 March 2026
‘If Satan also is divided against himself, how will his kingdom stand?’ (Luke 11: 18) … a gargoyle at Lichfield Cathedral (Photograph: Patrick Comerford)
Patrick Comerford
We have reached the half-way point in Lent, which began three weeks ago on Ash Wednesday (18 February 2026). This week began with the Third Sunday in Lent (Lent III, 8 March 2026).
I am staying at the Anglican Shrine of Our Lady of Walsingham in Norfolk. I am speaking later today at the Ecumenical Pilgrimage to Walsingham which began on Tuesday (10 March) and continues until tomorrow (13 March).
This ecumenical pilgrimage has been organised with the support of the Fellowship of Saint Alban and Saint Sergius and the Society of Saint John Chrysostom and is in its 100th year. I have been invited to speak today on ‘A Priest along the Way of a Pilgrim’.
Today’s programme begins with an Anglican celebration of the Eucharist in the Shrine Church or Catholic Mass (Ordinariate Use) with the Little Sisters of Jesus, and Scripture Meditations led by the Revd Samuel Harris of the Church of Scotland in the Shrine Church, and the morning includes a talk by Father Michael Lambros of Saint Mary and Saint George Coptic Orthodox Church, East London; and the Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts served by Father Stephen Platt of the Fellowship of Saint Alban and Saint Sergius. The afternoon programme includes sprinkling at the Holy Well in the Shrine Church and my talk, ‘A Priest along the Way of a Pilgrim’. In the evening, Monsignor Keith Newton is in Conversation with Father Mark Woodruff.
Before today begins, however, I am taking some quiet time this morning to give thanks, to reflect, to pray and to read in these ways:
1, reading today’s Gospel reading;
2, a short reflection;
3, a prayer from the USPG prayer diary;
4, the Collects and Post-Communion prayer of the day.
The Temptation of Job in the Purgatory Window by Richard King of the Harry Clarke Studios in the Church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul, Athlone (Photograph: Patrick Comerford)
Luke 11: 14-23 (NRSVA):
14 Now he was casting out a demon that was mute; when the demon had gone out, the one who had been mute spoke, and the crowds were amazed. 15 But some of them said, ‘He casts out demons by Beelzebul, the ruler of the demons.’ 16 Others, to test him, kept demanding from him a sign from heaven. 17 But he knew what they were thinking and said to them, ‘Every kingdom divided against itself becomes a desert, and house falls on house. 18 If Satan also is divided against himself, how will his kingdom stand? – for you say that I cast out the demons by Beelzebul. 19 Now if I cast out the demons by Beelzebul, by whom do your exorcists cast them out? Therefore they will be your judges. 20 But if it is by the finger of God that I cast out the demons, then the kingdom of God has come to you. 21 When a strong man, fully armed, guards his castle, his property is safe. 22 But when one stronger than he attacks him and overpowers him, he takes away his armour in which he trusted and divides his plunder. 23 Whoever is not with me is against me, and whoever does not gather with me scatters.’
Giovanni da Modena’s fresco of the Last Judgment in the Basilica of San Petronio in Bologna was inspired by Dante’s descriptions of the Devil and Hell (Photograph: Patrick Comerford)
Today’s Reflection:
The Gospel reading at the Eucharist this morning (Luke 11: 14-23) is laden with images of demons, Beelzebul, Satan, more demons, exorcists and still more demons. And we read of a kingdom divided against itself that becomes a desert, houses falling on houses, castles being plundered, and strong men abusing their strength.
What is your image of the Devil?
For many people today, he is old hat and the stuff of superstition. For others he is a figure of fun: the gargoyles gushing out rainwater from gutters on cathedrals and churches; the logo for Manchester United; or the impish black-and-red costumes of children at Hallowe’en or some adults at Carnival in Continental European cities in the days before Lent.
Many of our cultural images of the Devil come not from the Bible but from Dante’s Inferno, which influenced John Milton’s Paradise Lost, other poets, including TS Eliot’s The Waste Land, as well as frescoes, paintings, and stained-glass windows throughout the world.
But the Devil appears in many forms throughout the Bible.
The word satan in its original original Hebrew term sâtan (שָּׂטָן) means an ‘accuser’ or ‘adversary,’ and refers to both human adversaries and a supernatural entity. The word is derived from a verb meaning primarily to obstruct or to oppose. When it is used without the definite article (satan), the word can refer to any accuser; when it is used with the definite article (ha-satan), it refers specifically to the heavenly accuser: the Satan.
Ha-Satan with the definite article occurs 13 times in two books of the Hebrew Bible: Job 1 and 2 (10 times) and Zechariah 3: 1-2 (three times); satan without the definite article is used in 10 instances.
These occurrences without a definite article include the Angel of the Lord who confronts Balaam on his donkey (Numbers 22: 22); and the Angel of the Lord who brings a plague against Israel for three days after David takes a census (II Samuel 24).
The satan who appears in the Book of Job is one of the ‘sons of God’ (Job 1: 6-8) who has been roaming around the earth and who tortures Job physically, mentally and spiritually, to see whether Job will abandon his faith. But Job remains faithful and righteous, and satan is shamed in his defeat.
The English word devil, used as a synonym for Satan, can be traced through Middle English, Old English and Latin to the Greek διάβολος (diabolos), ‘slanderer,’ from a verb (diaballein) meaning to slander, but originally meaning ‘to hurl across’ or ‘to back bite.’ In the New Testament, the words Satan and diabolos are used interchangeably.
Another name in today’s Gospel reading, Beelzebub, means ‘Lord of Flies,’ and is also a contemptuous name for a Philistine god and a pun on his name meaning ‘Baal the Prince.’ Some critics in today’s reading accuse Jesus of exorcising demons through the power of Beelzebub.
Satan plays a role in some of the Gospel parables, including the Parables of the Sower, the Weeds, the Sheep and the Goats, and the Strong Man.
In Saint Luke’s Gospel, Judas betrays Christ because ‘Satan entered into’ him (see Luke 22: 3-6; cf John 12: 13: 2) and Christ implies Satan has authority to test Peter and the other apostles (see Luke 22: 31).
In Saint John’s Gospel, Satan is identified as ‘the Archon of the Cosmos’ (ὁ ἄρχων τοῦ κόσμου), who is to be overthrown through Christ’s death and resurrection (John 12: 31-32).
The Letter to the Hebrews describes the devil as ‘the one who has the power of death’ (Hebrews 2: 14).
In the Book of Revelation, Satan is first the supernatural ruler of the Empire. In that book, we also come across Abaddon, whose name in Greek is Apollyon, meaning ‘the destroyer,’ an angel who rules the Abyss (Revelation 9: 11).
The vision of a Great Red Dragon with seven heads, 10 horns, seven crowns, and a sweeping tail (Revelation 12: 3-4) is an image inspired by the apocalyptic visions in the Book of Daniel. A war then breaks out in heaven, and Michael and his angels defeat the Dragon who is thrown down. This dragon is identified with ‘that ancient serpent, who is called Devil and Satan, the deceiver of the whole world (Revelation 12: 9) and the accuser.
This identifies him with all the images of satan in the Hebrew Bible, from the serpent in Eden, to Job’s tempters. Later, the chained and imprisoned Satan breaks loose from his chains in the abyss and wages war against the righteous. But he is defeated and cast into a lake of fire (see Revelation 20: 1-10).
The three synoptic Gospels describe the temptation of Christ by Satan in the wilderness (see Matthew 4: 1-11, Mark 1: 12-13, and Luke 4: 1-13), and, each time, Christ rebukes Satan.
Too often we reduce temptation to small things in life. The one real temptation facing Jeff Difford, the slick pastor in the television series Young Sheldon, is greed in the form of wanting a new combined toaster and microwave oven. He resists that temptation for a day or so, and when he gives in, he asks for forgiveness.
But this is a fatuous and fraudulent presentation of temptation. True temptation can come in small ways, but it can also come in dramatic ways, leading to the abuse of privilege, position and power, in the church, in business, in politics.
There is real evil in the world. It is 81 years since the end of the Holocaust and World War II. Yet racism is rampant, open Islamophobia and antisemitism are on the rise, with the US attacks on Iran, the world is close to war yet again, peace seems impossible in the Middle East, and the rule of law is being undermined in the US, moment by the moment.
As I watch the daily rantings of the kleptocracy that has taken grip of the institutions of democracy and justice in the US, I cannot but help find parallels in the parable contained within today’s Gospel reading: ‘When a strong man, fully armed, guards his castle, his property is safe. But when one stronger than he attacks him and overpowers him, he takes away his armour in which he trusted and divides his plunder. Whoever is not with me is against me, and whoever does not gather with me scatters’ (verses 21-23).
Yet there is hope too: demons are cast out, those who were once silent finally find the power to speak out, the strong and the mighty are exposed as plunderers and despoilers, kingdoms find they are divided against themselves and become desert, and houses fall on house.
And when these things happen, as they shall happen, we must hope for signs that the kingdom of God is to come among us.
Saint Michael and the Devil … a statue by Jacob Epstein at Coventry Cathedral (Photograph: Patrick Comerford)
Today’s Prayers (Thursday 12 March 2026):
The theme this week (8-14 March 2026) in ‘Pray With the World Church,’ the Prayer Diary of the Anglican mission agency USPG (United Society Partners in the Gospel), is ‘Biblical Sisterhood’ (pp 36-37). This theme was introduced on Sunday with reflections by Dr Sanjana Das, PhD feminist theologian, advocate for the dignity and rights of trafficked and migrant working women.
The USPG Prayer Diary today (Thursday 12 March 2026) invites us to pray:
God of courage and compassion, awaken in us the honesty to examine our own actions. Forgive the times we have looked away or acted without thought. Help us to shop, eat and live in ways that honour the labour of others, and uphold dignity and justice for all.
The Collect:
Almighty God,
whose most dear Son went not up to joy but first he suffered pain,
and entered not into glory before he was crucified:
mercifully grant that we, walking in the way of the cross,
may find it none other than the way of life and peace;
through Jesus Christ your Son our Lord,
who is alive and reigns with you,
in the unity of the Holy Spirit,
one God, now and for ever.
The Post Communion Prayer:
Merciful Lord,
grant your people grace to withstand the temptations
of the world, the flesh and the devil,
and with pure hearts and minds to follow you, the only God;
through Jesus Christ our Lord.
Additional Collect:
Eternal God,
give us insight
to discern your will for us,
to give up what harms us,
and to seek the perfection we are promised
in Jesus Christ our Lord.
Yesterday’s Reflections
Continued Tomorrow
‘When the demon had gone out, the one who had been mute spoke, and the crowds were amazed …’ (Luke 11: 14) … a sculpture in the Llotja de la Seda or Silk Exchange in Valencia (Photograph: Patrick Comerford)
Scripture quotations are from the New Revised Standard Version Bible: Anglicised Edition copyright © 1989, 1995 National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America. Used by permission. All rights reserved worldwide. http://nrsvbibles.org
Patrick Comerford
We have reached the half-way point in Lent, which began three weeks ago on Ash Wednesday (18 February 2026). This week began with the Third Sunday in Lent (Lent III, 8 March 2026).
I am staying at the Anglican Shrine of Our Lady of Walsingham in Norfolk. I am speaking later today at the Ecumenical Pilgrimage to Walsingham which began on Tuesday (10 March) and continues until tomorrow (13 March).
This ecumenical pilgrimage has been organised with the support of the Fellowship of Saint Alban and Saint Sergius and the Society of Saint John Chrysostom and is in its 100th year. I have been invited to speak today on ‘A Priest along the Way of a Pilgrim’.
Today’s programme begins with an Anglican celebration of the Eucharist in the Shrine Church or Catholic Mass (Ordinariate Use) with the Little Sisters of Jesus, and Scripture Meditations led by the Revd Samuel Harris of the Church of Scotland in the Shrine Church, and the morning includes a talk by Father Michael Lambros of Saint Mary and Saint George Coptic Orthodox Church, East London; and the Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts served by Father Stephen Platt of the Fellowship of Saint Alban and Saint Sergius. The afternoon programme includes sprinkling at the Holy Well in the Shrine Church and my talk, ‘A Priest along the Way of a Pilgrim’. In the evening, Monsignor Keith Newton is in Conversation with Father Mark Woodruff.
Before today begins, however, I am taking some quiet time this morning to give thanks, to reflect, to pray and to read in these ways:
1, reading today’s Gospel reading;
2, a short reflection;
3, a prayer from the USPG prayer diary;
4, the Collects and Post-Communion prayer of the day.
The Temptation of Job in the Purgatory Window by Richard King of the Harry Clarke Studios in the Church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul, Athlone (Photograph: Patrick Comerford)
Luke 11: 14-23 (NRSVA):
14 Now he was casting out a demon that was mute; when the demon had gone out, the one who had been mute spoke, and the crowds were amazed. 15 But some of them said, ‘He casts out demons by Beelzebul, the ruler of the demons.’ 16 Others, to test him, kept demanding from him a sign from heaven. 17 But he knew what they were thinking and said to them, ‘Every kingdom divided against itself becomes a desert, and house falls on house. 18 If Satan also is divided against himself, how will his kingdom stand? – for you say that I cast out the demons by Beelzebul. 19 Now if I cast out the demons by Beelzebul, by whom do your exorcists cast them out? Therefore they will be your judges. 20 But if it is by the finger of God that I cast out the demons, then the kingdom of God has come to you. 21 When a strong man, fully armed, guards his castle, his property is safe. 22 But when one stronger than he attacks him and overpowers him, he takes away his armour in which he trusted and divides his plunder. 23 Whoever is not with me is against me, and whoever does not gather with me scatters.’
Giovanni da Modena’s fresco of the Last Judgment in the Basilica of San Petronio in Bologna was inspired by Dante’s descriptions of the Devil and Hell (Photograph: Patrick Comerford)
Today’s Reflection:
The Gospel reading at the Eucharist this morning (Luke 11: 14-23) is laden with images of demons, Beelzebul, Satan, more demons, exorcists and still more demons. And we read of a kingdom divided against itself that becomes a desert, houses falling on houses, castles being plundered, and strong men abusing their strength.
What is your image of the Devil?
For many people today, he is old hat and the stuff of superstition. For others he is a figure of fun: the gargoyles gushing out rainwater from gutters on cathedrals and churches; the logo for Manchester United; or the impish black-and-red costumes of children at Hallowe’en or some adults at Carnival in Continental European cities in the days before Lent.
Many of our cultural images of the Devil come not from the Bible but from Dante’s Inferno, which influenced John Milton’s Paradise Lost, other poets, including TS Eliot’s The Waste Land, as well as frescoes, paintings, and stained-glass windows throughout the world.
But the Devil appears in many forms throughout the Bible.
The word satan in its original original Hebrew term sâtan (שָּׂטָן) means an ‘accuser’ or ‘adversary,’ and refers to both human adversaries and a supernatural entity. The word is derived from a verb meaning primarily to obstruct or to oppose. When it is used without the definite article (satan), the word can refer to any accuser; when it is used with the definite article (ha-satan), it refers specifically to the heavenly accuser: the Satan.
Ha-Satan with the definite article occurs 13 times in two books of the Hebrew Bible: Job 1 and 2 (10 times) and Zechariah 3: 1-2 (three times); satan without the definite article is used in 10 instances.
These occurrences without a definite article include the Angel of the Lord who confronts Balaam on his donkey (Numbers 22: 22); and the Angel of the Lord who brings a plague against Israel for three days after David takes a census (II Samuel 24).
The satan who appears in the Book of Job is one of the ‘sons of God’ (Job 1: 6-8) who has been roaming around the earth and who tortures Job physically, mentally and spiritually, to see whether Job will abandon his faith. But Job remains faithful and righteous, and satan is shamed in his defeat.
The English word devil, used as a synonym for Satan, can be traced through Middle English, Old English and Latin to the Greek διάβολος (diabolos), ‘slanderer,’ from a verb (diaballein) meaning to slander, but originally meaning ‘to hurl across’ or ‘to back bite.’ In the New Testament, the words Satan and diabolos are used interchangeably.
Another name in today’s Gospel reading, Beelzebub, means ‘Lord of Flies,’ and is also a contemptuous name for a Philistine god and a pun on his name meaning ‘Baal the Prince.’ Some critics in today’s reading accuse Jesus of exorcising demons through the power of Beelzebub.
Satan plays a role in some of the Gospel parables, including the Parables of the Sower, the Weeds, the Sheep and the Goats, and the Strong Man.
In Saint Luke’s Gospel, Judas betrays Christ because ‘Satan entered into’ him (see Luke 22: 3-6; cf John 12: 13: 2) and Christ implies Satan has authority to test Peter and the other apostles (see Luke 22: 31).
In Saint John’s Gospel, Satan is identified as ‘the Archon of the Cosmos’ (ὁ ἄρχων τοῦ κόσμου), who is to be overthrown through Christ’s death and resurrection (John 12: 31-32).
The Letter to the Hebrews describes the devil as ‘the one who has the power of death’ (Hebrews 2: 14).
In the Book of Revelation, Satan is first the supernatural ruler of the Empire. In that book, we also come across Abaddon, whose name in Greek is Apollyon, meaning ‘the destroyer,’ an angel who rules the Abyss (Revelation 9: 11).
The vision of a Great Red Dragon with seven heads, 10 horns, seven crowns, and a sweeping tail (Revelation 12: 3-4) is an image inspired by the apocalyptic visions in the Book of Daniel. A war then breaks out in heaven, and Michael and his angels defeat the Dragon who is thrown down. This dragon is identified with ‘that ancient serpent, who is called Devil and Satan, the deceiver of the whole world (Revelation 12: 9) and the accuser.
This identifies him with all the images of satan in the Hebrew Bible, from the serpent in Eden, to Job’s tempters. Later, the chained and imprisoned Satan breaks loose from his chains in the abyss and wages war against the righteous. But he is defeated and cast into a lake of fire (see Revelation 20: 1-10).
The three synoptic Gospels describe the temptation of Christ by Satan in the wilderness (see Matthew 4: 1-11, Mark 1: 12-13, and Luke 4: 1-13), and, each time, Christ rebukes Satan.
Too often we reduce temptation to small things in life. The one real temptation facing Jeff Difford, the slick pastor in the television series Young Sheldon, is greed in the form of wanting a new combined toaster and microwave oven. He resists that temptation for a day or so, and when he gives in, he asks for forgiveness.
But this is a fatuous and fraudulent presentation of temptation. True temptation can come in small ways, but it can also come in dramatic ways, leading to the abuse of privilege, position and power, in the church, in business, in politics.
There is real evil in the world. It is 81 years since the end of the Holocaust and World War II. Yet racism is rampant, open Islamophobia and antisemitism are on the rise, with the US attacks on Iran, the world is close to war yet again, peace seems impossible in the Middle East, and the rule of law is being undermined in the US, moment by the moment.
As I watch the daily rantings of the kleptocracy that has taken grip of the institutions of democracy and justice in the US, I cannot but help find parallels in the parable contained within today’s Gospel reading: ‘When a strong man, fully armed, guards his castle, his property is safe. But when one stronger than he attacks him and overpowers him, he takes away his armour in which he trusted and divides his plunder. Whoever is not with me is against me, and whoever does not gather with me scatters’ (verses 21-23).
Yet there is hope too: demons are cast out, those who were once silent finally find the power to speak out, the strong and the mighty are exposed as plunderers and despoilers, kingdoms find they are divided against themselves and become desert, and houses fall on house.
And when these things happen, as they shall happen, we must hope for signs that the kingdom of God is to come among us.
Saint Michael and the Devil … a statue by Jacob Epstein at Coventry Cathedral (Photograph: Patrick Comerford)
Today’s Prayers (Thursday 12 March 2026):
The theme this week (8-14 March 2026) in ‘Pray With the World Church,’ the Prayer Diary of the Anglican mission agency USPG (United Society Partners in the Gospel), is ‘Biblical Sisterhood’ (pp 36-37). This theme was introduced on Sunday with reflections by Dr Sanjana Das, PhD feminist theologian, advocate for the dignity and rights of trafficked and migrant working women.
The USPG Prayer Diary today (Thursday 12 March 2026) invites us to pray:
God of courage and compassion, awaken in us the honesty to examine our own actions. Forgive the times we have looked away or acted without thought. Help us to shop, eat and live in ways that honour the labour of others, and uphold dignity and justice for all.
The Collect:
Almighty God,
whose most dear Son went not up to joy but first he suffered pain,
and entered not into glory before he was crucified:
mercifully grant that we, walking in the way of the cross,
may find it none other than the way of life and peace;
through Jesus Christ your Son our Lord,
who is alive and reigns with you,
in the unity of the Holy Spirit,
one God, now and for ever.
The Post Communion Prayer:
Merciful Lord,
grant your people grace to withstand the temptations
of the world, the flesh and the devil,
and with pure hearts and minds to follow you, the only God;
through Jesus Christ our Lord.
Additional Collect:
Eternal God,
give us insight
to discern your will for us,
to give up what harms us,
and to seek the perfection we are promised
in Jesus Christ our Lord.
Yesterday’s Reflections
Continued Tomorrow
‘When the demon had gone out, the one who had been mute spoke, and the crowds were amazed …’ (Luke 11: 14) … a sculpture in the Llotja de la Seda or Silk Exchange in Valencia (Photograph: Patrick Comerford)
Scripture quotations are from the New Revised Standard Version Bible: Anglicised Edition copyright © 1989, 1995 National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America. Used by permission. All rights reserved worldwide. http://nrsvbibles.org
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